The European Commission has opened three separate investigations to assess whether Nike, Sanrio and Universal Studios have restricted their licensees from selling licensed merchandise cross border and online to consumers in EU member states. The press release dated 14 June 2017 about the investigations, which aim to assess whether Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU has been violated, is available via http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-17-1646_en.htm